Iran vs Saudi Arabia. Most of the vehicles are equipped with SKO-1M Drawa-1T dual-axis stabilized fire control system (with TES – Thermal Elbow Sight – total number of delivered thermal sights is 202[9]) though some early production vehicles have a SKO-1 Drawa (with NV sight), Erawa reactive armour, a PCO SSC-1 Obra-1 laser-warning system and 850 hp PZL-Wola S-12U engine. Development variant with PZL-Wola S-1000 1,000 hp engine with mechanic transmission and number of other minor changes. The 125mm smoothbore cannon has been replaced with a 120mm smoothbore cannon compatible with NATO ammunition and uses a carousel-type autoloader. Hull protection provides the ERAWA III reactive armor and rod armor at the rear of the chassis. This program was also known under the name Anders. In October 2011, Indian Defense Ministry announced that the state-owned BEML will produce an additional 204 WZT-3 armored recovery vehicles – taking the total till 2011 to 556 vehicles. Some information is indicative and estimated because of lack of official or up-to-date data. The modernized main battle tank was designated PT-91 Twardy. This variant has won a number of stress tests in Malaysia over T-90, T-84 and K1 tanks, and has won the competition for a new Malaysian MBT. Experiments showed that the Erawa dynamic defense decreases the high-explosive jet impact depth by 50–70% and penetrator (APFSDS) projectiles by 30–40%. More modern derivatives include the Polish PT-91 ... M1 Abrams vs T-72 Ural: Operation Desert Storm 1991. It had an empty weight of 41.6 tons. In April 1999, India ordered 44 WZT-3 armored recovery vehicles, which were followed by another two orders in April 2002 (80 vehicles), and in July 2005 (228 vehicles) for a total of 352 WZT-3, armored recovery vehicles ordered. The successful conversion convinced the General Staff that similar modernization could also be applied to other Soviet-designed tanks made in Poland and used by the Polish Armed Forces. The sighting of the ballistic computer depends on the target's speed, weather conditions, projectile temperature, and projectile type. In 2007–2009 Bumar Łabędy delivered to Malaysia 48 PT-91M and 15 support vehicles (6 WZT-4 {WZT-91M} armoured recovery vehicle, 3 MID-M {MID-91M} engineering tank, 5 PMC Leguan {PMC-91M} - armoured vehicle-launched bridge and one SJ-09 driver training tank), ammo, spares and support for US$370 million. The T-72 was always meant, in some of its forms, to be a major export model for the Soviet Union arms’ industry. Various versions of the T-72 have been in production for decades, and the specifications for its armour have changed considerably. Jaguar - When Polish T-72 production started in 1978, the Poles considered upgrading them and the first T-72 upgrade program was launched by the Institute of Armament and Equipment of the Polish Army in 1982. Compare tanks ... T-72 T-80; Type: Main battle tank: Main battle tank: Origin: Russia: Russia: Produced: 1973: 1976–1992: Unit cost: 1–2 million $ (2009) 2.2 million $ (1994) More: Description, operators: Description, operators: Specifications. High mobility of the T-72 and the PT-91M equipped with the RENK France 1000hp powerpack, including new features like pivot on the spot! (PMC for Pomocniczy Most Czołgowy – lit. As already mentioned, the tank turret is a Ukrainian construction. The Drawa fire control system, developed by Polish engineers, contains the gunner's day sight PCD and the TES thermovision night sight developed by the Israeli company El-Op, the commander's combined day-night passive observation and aiming sight POD-72, a ballistic computer, a laser rangefinder and a data system processing information for the ballistic computer. In 1993 the Polish Defense Ministry ordered 20 PT-91 tanks to be used for field trials and Armed Forces tests. [10] Depending exact configuration Polish Army uses PT-91s in 3 variants PT-91, PT-91M and PT-91MA1.[11]. Iran vs Saudi Arabia. Among the chassis equipment included: auxiliary power generator (APU), air conditioning, new steering system with shuttlecock and day/night reversing camera PCO KDN-1 Nyks. Chief engineer Leonid Kartsev created "Object 17… This caused a noticeable decrease in the tank's road endurance. Unlike many other T-72 upgrades, the Polish Army PT-91s are upgraded using elements created almost exclusively by domestic companies, including a new engine, the fire control system and all communication system elements. T-72 là xe tăng chiến đấu chủ lực của Liên Xô, được sản xuất vào năm 1971 và ra mắt vào năm 1977.Mặc dù có hình dạng rất giống T-64, T-72 thực ra được phát triển từ T-62 và có trang bị thêm những chi tiết kỹ thuật từ T-64. Currently Russian Army operates around 750 - 1 000 of these MBTs of all variants. The program was canceled at an early stage. This is an offer for the Polish Army which involves certain modifications of the T-72 and PT-91 tanks. That would be a stupid addition to Jordan's western oriented tank inventory and tank upgrading efforts (by KADDB). Unless.... it is the PT-91 version, which is a lot better than the original T-72, or the latest PT-16 upgrade (which will have a 120mm smoothbore with autoloader) The hull armor and cast turret have been upgraded with add-on composite armor equivalent to up to 1000mm RHA (rolled homogenous armor), supplied by Germany. [10] PT-91Ex is very similar to PT-91M, offered for export to other countries. Indian MoD looks to close deal for 100 modified K-9 self-propelled howitzers Based around the Twardy chassis, this system mounts an armoured turret holding two Oerlikon KDA 35 mm cannons linked to a radar fire control system. Georgian army upgraded T-72SIM-1 tanks are using Drawa-T fire control system, a development of the fire control system on PT-91. Vehicles used by the Polish Army were rebuilt from the few original T-72 Ural in Polish inventory delivered from Soviet Union; another vehicle was built new for Malaysian Army as a part of PT-91M order. have different tracks, very similar to T-80 ones. The latest Twardy variants have the 1,000 hp S-1000 engine with a turbocharger. (2009). T-72B (Object 184) - combat weight of 44.5 tons with Kontakt-1 or Kontakt-5 ERA, and a combat weight of 43 tons without ERA. The Twardy is armed with the same 125 mm smoothbore gun 2A46 used in the T-72, fitted with an automatic reloading mechanism which reduced the tank crew by one as it replaced the gun loader, and gave a rate of fire of 8 to 10 rounds per minute. It is also effective against lightly armored ground and naval targets. The T-90 was selected because it is a direct development of the T-72 that India already manufactures with 60% logistics commonality with T-90 simplifying training and maintenance. Mặc dù vậy, T-72 không đơn thuần là … The T-72 is a family of Soviet main battle tanks that first entered production in 1971. Production of the PT-91 Twardy tanks for the Polish Army were completed in 2002. In early 2014, the 34th Brigade from Żagań received the first Leopard 2A5 tanks, shifting its PT-91 to the 9th Brigade in Braniewo, previously using T-72M1. It was planned that it would work closely together with PZR “Loara” (anti-aircraft rocket system) vehicles built on the basis of the PZA Loara but that project is currently on hold. T-72 – video. However, initially, the work progressed at a very slow pace, mainly because the Polish General Staff was also considering the purchase of a newer version of T-72 (T-72S) or the modern T-80. Units were the 10th Armored Cavalry Brigade, 15th Armored Cavalry Brigade, 17th Mechanized Brigade and 34th Ar… - by Andrzej Kliński, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – September 2008 page 40 – Polskie wojska pancerne i zmechanizowane – meandry rozwoju – by Norbert Bączyk, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – November 1999 page 18 – Polskie T-72 – Co dalej? SP1 was used for traction tests and has been driven 7000 km offroad in Malaysia, SP2 achieved 2000 km with 500 firings of the main cannon. At the introduction of PT-91, the intention of Polish General Staff was to equip all brigades of 11th Armored Cavalry Division with PT-91, at the time the division had 4 brigades: 10th Armored Cavalry, 15th Armored Cavalry, 17th Mechanized, and 34th Armored Cavalry. It is the most modern tank currently in service with the Russian Army, which has a requirement for around 1 500 of these tanks. The search radar has a range of 26 km (16 mi) and is capable of tracking and identifying up to 64 targets at once. A T-72B lényegileg különböző páncélzattal készült, ezért e jármű szerkezetileg is eltér a korábbi változatoktól, tulajdonképpen a korábbi T-72 járművek és a B változat között legalább akkora a különbség, mint a T-64 és a T-80 között. Its main gun have been changed to a ZTS 2A46MS 125 mm gun, a 7.62 mm FN MAG coaxial machine gun and a 12.7 mm FN Browning M2 HB AA machine gun. [6] Both vehicles faced a number of tests in Malaysia. PT-91E is a first prototype initially named SP1 (it is the same vehicle as was shown on military parade in Kuala Lumpur in 2005), PT-91Ex is a second prototype named SP2. Additional armament comprises the 7.62 mm PKT coaxial general-purpose machine gun and 12.7 mm NSVT anti-aircraft heavy machine gun. (Goryl is Polish for Gorilla) – project of a Polish main battle tank designed using experience gained on PT-91 project. [31], "Twardy" redirects here. Although PT-91M2's PT-91M2 modernization objectives are the same as PT-17, the range of PT-91M2 varies considerably. T-72A (Object 172M-1) - combat weight of 41.5 tons and an empty weight of 39.0 tons. (MID for Maszyna Inżynieryjno-Drogowa – lit. This variant is also equipped with Sagem panoramic sight, a Sagem laser gyro inertial navigation system, turret stabilisation system, Obra-3 laser-warning system, integrated with 81 mm smoke grenade launchers, CBRN warning and protection system, Thales communication systems. The modification includes installation of additional equipment, as remote-controlled cannon with an optical system, an omnidirectional observation system, add-on armour, and further engineering equipment. Installed on the demonstrator systems are obviously just an example of the possibilities. The main battle tank's protection from high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) projectiles and missiles is increased by the new Erawa dynamic armor developed by the Poland Military-Technical Institute. The PZA (Przeciwlotniczy Zestaw Artyleryjski, meaning "AA Artillery System"; “Loara” means “Loire” in Polish) is an armored self-propelled anti-aircraft artillery system developed in the late 1990s. The system also has a reaction time less than 10 seconds. The PT-91 Pendekar was in the colonel's opinion ill-suited for Malaysian Armed Forces doctrine. The PT-91 represents a 50-ton armored combat vehicle with a low-profile, an autoloader reducing the crew to three and a formidable 125mm main gun. Standard equipment includes: crane with telescopic jib that can lift a maximum load of fifteen tonnes, front-mounted stabilizing dozer blade, main and secondary winches. The FCS is equipped with laser range finder and thermal imaging sensor. The PT-91 was developed in Poland in the early 1990s. We use cookies to personalise content and ads. The stranger part is that the turret is still based on that of the T-72/PT-91. Among the equipment, PT-91M2 is also the SOD Observation System, the universal PCO SSP-1 OBRA-3 vehicle self-propelled system (both PCO S.A.) and two modules, each with 12 smoke grenades 902A. The radar system can also be operated on the move, refreshing its data every second. Every company of 14 tanks is composed of three platoons with 4 tanks in each and 2 tank for the company commander and companys second in command. You can change your cookie settings at any time. In the late 1980s, the Polish Army modernized all of its obsolete T-55 tanks to the T-55AM Mérida standard. The system can engage aircraft flying at altitudes from very low altitudes up to 5,000 m (16,500 ft), and flying at speeds up to 500 m/s (1,125 mph). The vehicle was shown at a number of South American events including SITDEF Peru'2009 Expo. A total of 233 tanks were delivered. Turkey vs Russia. T-72 operators and variants The PT-91 Twardy ("Hard") is a Polish main battle tank. (P for Peru) – Demonstrator for SITDEF Peru'2009 military exhibition. Other improvements include an upgraded fire control system. Soviet doctrine with regards to armor greatly differed with the emphasis of of tanks used en-masse. T-72 Ural (Object 172M) - combat weight of 41 tons and an empty weight of 38.6 tons. The driver uses the control and diagnostic complex US-DK-1 controlling the tank's main systems and displaying information on a monitor. This autoloader is separate from the crew compartment, where the T-72 autoloader was located. [12] The biggest advantage was a new gun stabilization system that gave the tank a significant increase in accuracy when the tank is on the move. It has an electronic information block showing the tank's technical condition. In addition, DIEHL rubber tracks are used. With the upgrade from the T-72 Ural to the T-72A, the … Tracks also come with rubber overlays but developed by OBRUM / BUMAR. [citation needed] The T-90 Main Battle Tank (MBT) is a further development of the T-72. It is armed with a 12.7 mm (​1⁄2 in) machine-gun fitted to the commander's hatch. The manned 12.7mm machine gun has been upgraded to be remotely operated. The PMC-90, developed on the basis of PT-91, is able to carry out missions required to operations of combat forces. For the weapons systems, the PT-72U is equipped with a remote controlled weapon station armed with a 12.7 mm machine gun mounted to the crew commander hatch. Many of those elements were used to upgrade existing fleets of T-72 tanks in countries including the Czech Republic (T-72M4 CZ), Georgia (T-72SIM-1), and India (T-72 Ajeya Mk. The PT-91 was designed at the OBRUM (OBRUM for Ośrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowy Urządzeń Mechanicznych – Polish for Research and Development Centre for Mechanical Appliances) and is produced by the Bumar Łabędy company,[7] a part of the Bumar Group,[8] a Polish technical military consortium. In turn, the Leopard 2A4 and 2A5 tanks replaced them, and the PT-91 replaced themselves the former units equipped with the T-72Ms, now all retired. The main improvement is the modernized fuel and air injection system. The Main Battle Tank of the Polish Army is the PT-91 "Twardy", developed from the popular Soviet-era T-72 MBT (T-72M1). These projects were canceled due to various reasons including being given Leopard 2A4 tanks by Germany for essentially no cost. The driver's night sight was replaced by the Radomka passive night sight. Well, since winning the Malaysian contract for MBT the PT-91M ruined competition with Russian T-90 (claimed as the best offer) it's a well-known thing, PT-91 is garbage. The system has two radars, 3D search radar and engagement radar. Among those were low mobility, insufficient armour, lack of a fire control system and poor stabilisation of the main gun, which resulted in poor firing accuracy. … Током осамдесетих година, Пољска и Чехословачка су извезле око 1.700 тенкова Т-72 на тржишта Индије , Сирије , Либије , Ирана и Ирака . ^ a b Zaloga 1993, p. 10 ^ Zaloga, Steven J. OBRUM's competing project had new front and sides reactive armor and L-44 main gun. For the conductor, see, PT-91M "Pendekar" of Malaysian Army on display, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – November 2007 page 15 – Pokaz "Malaja" i CV90120-T na Drawsku – by Andrzej Kliński, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – May 2008 page 22 – Odmłodzona Drawa – by Andrzej Kliński, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – September 2007 page 14 – Jak można zmodernizować Twardego? The system had a fire rotation of 360° and an elevation angle for the gun from -5° to 55°. p. 19. It is derived from the T-72M1 battle tank currently in service with the Polish Army. Various versions of the T-72 have been in production for decades, and the specifications for its armour have changed considerably. Starting from July 1991 T-72 modernization programs were implemented by the Bumar-Labedy factory which had been producing T-72s under Soviet license. Various versions of the T-72 have been in production for decades, and the specifications for its armor haave changed considerably. While it might be a remote possibility, it would be a very interesting match up. It was adopted by the Russian Army in 1993 and its low-rate production commenced in 1994. Both the T-72 and T-80 are offshoot/progeny developments of the T-64 tank. The Twardy was a stop-gap solution and not meant as main tank of the Polish Army - two different projects, i.e. Granted the PT-91M2 is designed as a far less radical upgrade compared to the PT-17. Both new and modernized tanks have the same combat capabilities. WZT is the acronym of for Wóz Zabezpieczenia Technicznego literally Technical Support Vehicle: it indicates a family of armoured recovery vehicles based on the PT-91/T-72 tank hull, with over 400 vehicles delivered to the clients. Only one prototype was made. A cheaper alternative to PT-91Ex. Crueldwarf Like tears in the rain. [17] There were also plans to modernize 84 Armenian T-72s to PT-72U standard. The S-12U engine is powered by an 850-horsepower engine with the enhanced mechanical transmission (Cx version). In 2014 however, this configuration of the Krab was abandoned due to manufacturing flaws (microfractures detected in the welded steel plates of the vehicle), numerous reliability concerns related to the automotive performance of the chassis and the loss of the Polish manufacturing line for the S-12U engine, and ultimately replaced by the Korean-made K9 tracked chassis.[24]. Several countries, including Russia and Ukraine, also offer modernization packages for older T-72s. 233 PT-91s were delivered between 1995 and 2002 (232 vehicles remain in service, the early prototype is preserved in the Land Forces Training Center museum in Poznań) and 38 support vehicles based on the T-72/PT-91 hull (29 WZT-3M armoured recovery vehicles, 8 MID engineering tank and 1 prototype PZA Loara self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon). The T-72 is a family of Soviet main battle tanks that first entered production in 1971. [23] For example, the SJ-02 is used tech how to load the main gun. Several countries, including Russia and Ukraine, also offer modernization packages for older T-72s. These vehicles are used to support the T-72 and T-90 MBT. While the T-64 was perhaps the world's most advanced battle tank design when introduced, it was too expensive to issue to all the Soviet tank armies, let alone Warsaw Pact (WARPAC) allies. - by Tomasz Begier and Dariusz Użycki, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – October 2005 page 9 – Pierwsza prezentacja "Malaja" - by Andrzej Kliński, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – April 2009 page 16 – Twardy na wystawie w Peru – by Andrzej Kliński, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – September 2008 page 16 - "Wuzetka" dla Malzezji – by Andrzej Kliński, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – September 2008 page 26 – Most samochodowy MS-20, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – November 2004 page 20 – Polska w rejestrze uzbrojenia konwencjonalnego ONZ – by Jarosław Ciślak, Nowa Technika Wojskowa – February 2009 page 10 – Malaj na finiszu – by Andrzej Kliński, https://web.archive.org/web/20070205074712/http://www.bumar.gliwice.pl/eng/index.php, https://web.archive.org/web/20080907063643/http://www.bumar.com/en, Altair – PT-91P popłynął na SITDEF Peru 2009, "Peru army plans arms purchase, tests Chinese tanks", "The new PT-72U main battle tank for urban operations at MSPO 2011", "PT-16 Main Battle Tank | Military-Today.com", "More Armored Recovery Vehicles for Indian Army", "Бронетехника в грузино-осетинском конфликте август 2008 – 0001.htm", PT-91 Twardy main battle tank Polish Defense industry, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PT-91_Twardy&oldid=987316948, Articles with dead external links from November 2016, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2009, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 6.95 m (9.67 with barrel in forward position), composite armour; front and side armor laminated; front, side and top armor behind Erawa-1/Erawa-2 ERA, steel side anti-cumulative screens, Centrum Szkolenia Wojsk Lądowych (Land Forces Training Center) –, 15 Wielkopolska Brygada Kawalerii Pancernej (15th Armored Cavalry Brigade, 17 Wielkopolska Brygada Zmechanizowana (17th Mechanized Brigade) –, This page was last edited on 6 November 2020, at 07:14. [14][15][16], (U for Urbanizowany – Tank to fight in urbanized terrain) – Demonstrator for MSPO 2011 military exhibition. Compare tanks ... T-72; Type: Main battle tank: Main battle tank: Origin: Russia: Russia: Produced: 1992: 1973: Unit cost: 4.5 million $ (T-90MS) 1–2 million $ (2009) More: Description, operators: Description, operators: Specifications. The modernization of the fire control system started by replacing the earlier used Soviet two plane stabilizer 2Є28M with a new stabilizer developed in Slovakia. In 2002, 10th Armored Cavalry received Leopard 2A4 tanks donated to Poland by Germany, in 2007 the 15th Armored Cavalry was disbanded and the 17th Mechanized received the first KTO Rosomak. The system is composed of both trainers teaching crew trainees how to operate different systems of the tank and simulators allowing training more advanced situations. Modernized main battle tank ] for example, the SJ-02 is used tech to... 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S.A and BMS fire rotation of 360° and an empty weight of 39.0 tons PT-91 Pendekar was in the 1980s! 'S western oriented tank inventory and tank upgrading efforts ( by KADDB ) the system two!

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